Shears.



L. H. PLORY.

SHBARS. APPLIOATION FILED 15111112.15, 1911,

1,037,827. Patented Sept. 3, 1912.

Attorneys- LLEWELLYN HENRY FLORY, F ASHLEY, PENNSYLVANIA.

SHEARS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented sept. 3,1912.

Application led September 15, 1911. Serial No. 649,502.

To all 'whom it may concern.' i n Be it known that I, LLEWELLYN H. FLORY, a citizen of the United States, residing at y Ashley, in the county of Luzerne and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and :useful Shears, of which the following is a specification.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a means whereby, when the blademembers of apair of shears are brought together, in the act of cutting, the said blade members will be pressed together.

1 Specifically, the invent-ion aimsto provide an anti-friction element held between the head of the connecting rivet, and one blade member, there being a race in the under surface of the head of the rivet, in

which the anti-friction member moves, the base of the race being inclined with respect to the adjacent, outer face of one blade member, so that when the blade members are brought together, in the act of cutting, the anti-friction member will ride from the deeper end ofthe race, toward the shallower end thereof, thereby forcing the blade members together.

A further object of the invention is to provide means for anti-frictionallv separatl ing the blades of a tool of the class described, when the blades of the tool are thrust together, through the instrumentality of the means hereinbefore mentioned.

VVit-h the foregoing and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed,itbei1ig understood that changes in t-he precise embodiment of in-- vention herein disclosed can be made within the scope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings,-Figure 1 shows in plan, a `pair of shears equipped with the device constituting the subjectmatter of the present invention'Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-'-2 of Fig. 1, the cutting edges of the members of the shears being separated; Fig.-3 is a section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1, the blades of the shears being closed together; Fig. 4 is a perspective of the pivotelement which connects the blades of the'shears; Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 3, but showing a slight modification of the invention; and Fig. 6 is a side elevation showing a still furthei modifica` tion ofthe invention, parts being broken away, in order to disclose the anti-friction members which lseparate the blades.

The shears shown in Fig. 1 comprise a primary blade 1 and a secondary blade 2,

lthe primary blade 1 having a handle 3, and

the secondary blade 2 having a handle 4. Intermediate their ends, the blades 1 and 2 are 7 united for pivotal movement, as is common, by a pivot element denoted generally in Fig. 2 by the reference character 5.

The pivot element 5 comprises a head 6, adapted to overhang the outer face 17 of the blade member 1, the head 6 being connected with a shank 7 which extends through 4the blade member 1. The blade -member 1 is free to rotate upon the shank 7, and this blade member may also slide transversely, to a small extent, upon the shan-k. The shanlt7 merges into a polygonal yshoulder 8, the shoulder 8 being engaged in an opening in the secondary blade 2, the blade y2 being thus held against rotation, upon the shoulder 8. The shoulder 8, preferably does not extend entirely through the blade 2. The shoulder 8 terminates in a spindle 9, `which is threaded, the spindle 9 protruding beyond the outer face of the secondary blade 2. Upon the threaded spindle 9, a nut 10 is mounted, the nut 10 engaging the outer face of the ,secondary blade member 2. i

The head 6 of the pivot element 5 is equipped in its under surface with a ball race 411. This ball race 11 is located adjacent the handles 3 and 4 of the members 1 and 2. The ball race 11 curves around the shank 7 of the pivot element 5. The ball race 11 is deeper at one kend 12 than at the other end 15. The deeper end 12 of the ball race 1'1 is located .adjacent the cutting edge 14 of-theprimary blade member 1. The base 1G of the ball race 11 is inclined with respect to the adjacent face 17A Inthat form of the invention which ap- I pears in Fig. 5, the head of the pivot element is denoted by the numeral 19, the polygonal shank by the numeral 20, the threaded spindle by the numeral 21, and the nut by the numeral 22; the numeral 23 indicating the primary blade member and the numeral 211 indicating the secondary blade member. The ball race is indicated at 25, and the balls at 26, the balls, in the present instance, being of different diameters.

ln that form of the invention which ap pears in Fig. 6, the shears is shown in the form of a pair of tinners snips, vwhereas in Fig. 1, thc shears are shown as of the sort employed by tailors.

In Fig. 6, the primary blade member is denoted by the numeral 27, and the secondary blade member by the numeral 28. These blade members 27 and 28 are connected by a pivot element 29, the construction of which is identical with the construction of the pivot element 5, hereinbefore described. In the inner face of the secondary blade member 28 there is a ball race 80, in which are mounted balls 31, the balls 81 being adapted to engage the inner face of the primary blade member 27. It is to be understood that the balls 81 protrude beyond the inner face of the member 28 to an exceedingly small extent only; in fact, only far enough to furnish an anti-frictional support for the primary blade 27.

The operation of the device, referring specically to that form of the invention which appears in Fig. 1, is as follows, presupposing that the device is positioned as shown in Fig. 1, so that the shallower end 15 of the race 11 is disposed downwardly: When the blade members 1 and 2 are separated, to space their cutting edges apart, the balls 18 will ride toward the deeper end 12 of the ball race 11. When, however, the blade members 1 and 2 are closed together, in the act of cutting, the balls 18 will ride toward the shallower end 15 of the ball race 11. Obviously, by the foregoing operation, the inner faces of the levers 1 and 2 will be crowded together, and thus, the cutting edges of the blades will be maintained in close and intimate contact, during the cutting operation.

Obviously, as appearing in Fig. 8, but one of the balls 18 will, theoretically, be effective to crowd the members 1 and 2 together. In practice, however, the balls 18 may be varied slightly in diameter, due to defects in manufacture; and likewise, the foremost ball 18 may become attened somewhat. Therefore, a plurality of the .balls 18 are shown.

That form of the invention appearing in Fig. 5, wherein the balls 26 are of varying diameters, possess the following advantages. If the balls 26 are of different diameters, so that several of them may be operative at the same time, the blade members 1 and 2 will be thrust together, without tilting the blade member 1 transversely; whereas, in that form of the invention which appears in Fig. 3, the blade member 1 may be tilted transversely, to a slight extent, provided that the said blade member lits somewhat loosely upon the shank 7 of the pivot element 5.

When the device is employed in connection with a heavy pair of shears, such, for instance, as tinners snips shown in Fig. 6, secondary anti-friction members 31 may be interposed between the blades 27 and 28, to olf-set the thrustexerted by the balls 18 or 26, against the blade member 27 It is only when excessively heavy material is to be cut, that the anti-friction members 3l are employed.

It will be observed that the ball race 11 lies within the contour of the head 6 of the pivot element 5, and since the diameter of the head 6 is less than the width of the blade member 1, it will be impossible for the balls 18 or 26 to drop out of the ball race 11 when the cutting edges of the shears are separated.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is 1. A tool including a pivot element; and coperating parts comprising a primary blade rotatable and transversely slidable upon the pivot element, and a head upon the pivot element overhanging the outer face of the primary blade; one of which coperating parts is provided with a. race, the base of which is inclined with respect to the adj acent face of the other coperating part; a rotatable, anti-friction member movable in the race and adapted to engage the base of the race and the adjacent face of said other coperating part; and a secondary blade fulcrumed upon the pivot element, the primary blade being located between the head and the secondary blade.

2. A tool including a pivot element; and coperating parts comprising a primary blade rotatable and transversely slidable upon the pivot element, and a head upon the pivot element overhanging the outer face of the primary blade; one of which coperating parts is provided with a race, the base of which is inclined with respect to the adjacent face of the other coperating part; a rotatable, anti-friction member movable in the race and adapted to engage the base of the race and t-he adjacent face of said other coperating part; and a secondary blade fulcrumed upon the pivot element, the primary blade being located between the head and the secondary blade; and a secondary antifriction device held for rotation between the blades.

3. A tool comprising crossed blades; a pivot element connecting the bla-des at their point of crossing, and provided with a head overhanging the outer face of one blade,

there being a race in the under surface of In testimony that I claim the foregoing as the head, the base of the race being inclined my own, I have hereto aiixed my signa- Wth respect to the adjacent, outer face of ture in the presence of two Witnesses.

the said blade; and a rotatable, anti-friction LLEWELLYN HENRY FLORY. element in the race, and adapted to engage Witnesses:

the base of the race and the adjacent face of PATRICK J. BEATTY,

said member. W. I-I. RICKARD.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. C. v 

